Kramers’ Diffusion Theory Applied to Gating Kinetics of Voltage-Dependent Ion Channels

Kramers' diffusion theory applied to gating kinetics of voltage-dependent ion channels.

Kramers' diffusion theory of reaction rates in the condensed phase is considered as an alternative to the traditional discrete-state Markov (DSM) model in describing ion channel gating current kinetics. Diffusion theory can be expected to be particularly relevant in describing high-frequency (>100 kHz) events in channel activation. The generalized voltage sensor of a voltage-dependent ion chann...

Voltage-dependent ion channels and their gating.

Voltage- and cold-dependent gating of single TRPM8 ion channels

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels play critical roles in cell signaling by coupling various environmental factors to changes in membrane potential that modulate calcium influx. TRP channels are typically activated in a polymodal manner, thus integrating multiple stimuli. Although much progress has been made, the underlying mechanisms of TRP channel activation are largely unknown. The ...

Voltage-Dependent Gating of hERG Potassium Channels

The mechanisms by which voltage-gated channels sense changes in membrane voltage and energetically couple this with opening of the ion conducting pore has been the source of significant interest. In voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels, much of our knowledge in this area comes from Shaker-type channels, for which voltage-dependent gating is quite rapid. In these channels, activation and deacti...

Voltage-Dependent Gating in a “Voltage Sensor-Less” Ion Channel

The voltage sensitivity of voltage-gated cation channels is primarily attributed to conformational changes of a four transmembrane segment voltage-sensing domain, conserved across many levels of biological complexity. We have identified a remarkable point mutation that confers significant voltage dependence to Kir6.2, a ligand-gated channel that lacks any canonical voltage-sensing domain. Simil...